使用DMRAMN执行归档恢复
使用RECOVER命令完成数据库恢复工作，可以是基于备份集的恢复工作，也可以是使用本地归档日志的恢复工作。如果还原后，数据已经处于一致性状态了，则可以使用更新DB_MAGIC方式恢复，前提是不需要重做日志。语法如下：
RECOVER DATABASE '' [ ] [USE DB_MAGIC ] [UNTIL TIME '< 时间串>'] [UNTIL LSN ]; | RECOVER DATABASE ' ' FROM BACKUPSET '< 备份集目录>'[DEVICE TYPE DISK|TAPE[PARMS '< 介质参数>']] [IDENTIFIED BY < 密码> [ENCRYPT WITH < 加密算法>]] ; | RECOVER DATABASE ' ' UPDATE DB_MAGIC; ::= WITH ARCHIVEDIR '< 归档日志目录>'{,'< 归档日志目录>'}
DATABASE：指定还原库目标的dm.ini文件路径。
USE DB_MAGIC：指定本地归档日志对应数据库的DB_MAGIC，若不指定，则默认使用目标恢复数据库的DB_MAGIC。
UNTIL TIME：恢复数据库到指定的时间点。
UNTIL LSN：恢复数据库到指定的LSN。
BACKUPSET：指定用于还原目标数据库的备份集目录。
DEVICE TYPE：指存储备份集的介质类型，支持DISK和TAPE，默认为DISK。DISK表示存储备份集到磁盘，TAPE表示存储到磁带。
PARMS：介质参数，供第三方存储介质（TAPE类型）管理使用。
IDENTIFIED BY：指定备份时使用的加密密码，供还原过程解密使用。
ENCRYPT WITH：指定备份时使用的加密算法，供还原过程解密使用，若未指定，则使用默认算法。
WITH ARCHIVEDIR：本地归档日志搜索目录，若未指定，则仅使用目标库配置本地归档目录，RAC环境还会取REMOTE归档目录。
数据库恢复有三种方式：更新DB_MAGIC恢复、从备份集恢复和从归档恢复。
从归档恢复
从归档恢复是利用重做本地归档日志来恢复数据的过程。从归档恢复允许恢复到指定的时间点及指定的LSN值。若同时指定了时间点和LSN，则以较早的为结束点。
由于从本地归档恢复允许使用USE DB_MAGIC指定待收集归档的DB_MAGIC，那么就会存在跨库恢复情况，所以，归档日志的正确使用完全由用户保证。因此，为了保证用户能正确使用从归档恢复，除了下文这两种情况，其他情况（可能导致数据被破坏）不建议用户使用从本地归档恢复。
可以使用从归档恢复的情况：
1、执行过从备份集还原，以及执行过从备份集还原恢复的库，本地归档日志属于备份集备份时的库，本地归档日志的DB_MAGIC与备份集中记录DB_MAGIC值；
2、未执行过还原的库，但恢复目标库与本地归档日志来源于同一个库，且目标库与原来的库分离后没有再单独执行过操作或者故障重启过。比如一个数据库A因故障关闭后，拷贝一份作为数据库B，此时数据库A和B完全相同。此后，数据库A故障重启，并正常执行其他操作，生成了新的本地归档日志。如果想利用A的本地归档日志去将B恢复到A的状态，那么可以利用DMRMAN工具执行从本地归档恢复。若中间B启动过或者执行过其他操作，则均不能再使用A的归档日志进行恢复操作。
利用归档恢复数据库至最新状态的完整示例如下：
1) 启动DIsql联机备份数据库，以及备份到检查点结束为止的本地归档日志。
查看动态视图V$RLOG中的CKPT_LSN列，可以得出当前检查点LSN。
SQL> select * from t1; LINEID C1 C2 ---------- ----------- ----------- 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 used time: 83.467(ms). Execute id is 866393. SQL> select ckpt_lsn from v$rlog; LINEID CKPT_LSN ---------- -------------------- 1 19738189 used time: 0.817(ms). Execute id is 866466. SQL> backup archivelog until lsn 19738189 backupset '/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/bak/arch_bak_lsn_to_19738189'; executed successfully used time: 00:00:43.255. Execute id is 866619. SQL> backup database full backupset '/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/bak/db_bak_recover_arch'; executed successfully used time: 00:00:12.873. Execute id is 866805.
2) 准备目标库，可以使用备份库，也可以重新生成库。
如果使用原备份库，且备份库故障，需要先执行目标库归档修复：
RMAN>REPAIR ARCHIVELOG DATABASE 'opt/dmdbms/data/dm.ini';
如果使用新生成的库，生成之后需要先重启一下服务器，才可以被还原。重新生成的库不需要执行归档修复（repair）操作。重新生成库操作如下：
[dmdba@dmks ~]$ dminit path=/dm_home/dmdbms/data db_name=dameng_for_recover auto_overwrite=1 port_num=5336 initdb V7.1.6.46-Build(2018.02.08-89107)ENT db version: 0x7000a file dm.key not found, use default license! License will expire in 14 day(s) on 2020-06-30 log file path: /dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dameng_for_recover01.log log file path: /dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dameng_for_recover02.log write to dir [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover]. create dm database success. 2020-06-16 16:03:18 [root@dmks root]# ./dm_service_installer.sh -i /dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini -p dmrc -t dmserver Move the service script file(/dm_home/dmdbms/bin/DmServicedmrc to /etc/rc.d/init.d/DmServicedmrc) Finished to create the service (DmServicedmrc) [root@dmks root]# service DmServicedmrc start Starting DmServicedmrc: [ OK ] [dmdba@dmks ~]$ disql SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5336 Server[localhost:5336]:mode is normal, state is open login used time: 10.727(ms) disql V7.1.6.46-Build(2018.02.08-89107)ENT Connected to: DM 7.1.6.46 SQL> select permanent_magic; LINEID PERMANENT_MAGIC ---------- --------------- 1 450923536 used time: 1.042(ms). Execute id is 5. SQL> select db_magic from v$rlog; LINEID DB_MAGIC ---------- ----------- 1 1009602608 used time: 1.332(ms). Execute id is 6. 3) 启动RMAN，校验备份。 RMAN> check backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch'; check backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch'; CMD END.CODE:[0] check backupset successfully. time used: 5.986(ms) RMAN> check backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak'; check backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak'; CMD END.CODE:[0] check backupset successfully. time used: 7.154(ms)
4) 还原数据库。
RMAN> restore database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch'; restore database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch'; file dm.key not found, use default license! checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[4]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[3]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[2]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[1]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[0]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running, write dmrman info. RESTORE DATABASE CHECK...... RESTORE DATABASE , dbf collect...... RESTORE DATABASE , dbf refresh ...... RESTORE BACKUPSET [/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch] START...... total 22 packages processed... RESTORE DATABASE , UPDATE ctl file...... RESTORE DATABASE , REBUILD key file...... RESTORE DATABASE , CHECK db info...... RESTORE DATABASE , UPDATE db info...... total 26 packages processed! CMD END.CODE:[0] restore successfully. time used: 68070.231(ms)
5)还原归档日志
RMAN> restore archive log from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak'to archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch'; restore archive log from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak' to archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch'; RESTORE ARCHIVE CHECK...... RESTORE ARCHIVE, dbf collect...... RESTORE ARCHIVE, dbf refresh ...... RESTORE BACKUPSET [/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak] START...... total 60 packages processed... total 61 packages processed... total 62 packages processed! CMD END.CODE:[0] restore successfully. time used: 38325.097(ms)
6)查看备份集的数据库信息，获取源库的DB_MAGIC。
RMAN> show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch'; show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch';system path: /dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm db magic: 708657636 permanent magic: 1250320462 rac node: 1 page check: 0 rlog encrypt: 0 external cipher[id/name]: 0/ external hash[id/name]: 0/ length in char: 0 use new hash: 1 page size: 8 KB extent size: 16 case sensitive: 1 log page size: 512 B unicode_flag/charset: 0 data version: 0x7000A sys version: V7.1.6.46-Build(2018.02.08-89107)ENT enable policy: 0 archive flag: 1 blank_pad_mode: 0 crc_check: TRUE backupset sig: BA backupset version: 4009 database name: jydm backup name: DB_FULL_jydm_20200617_172643_000246 backupset description: backupset ID : 1563647712 parent backupset ID: -1 META file size : 94720 compressed level: 0 encrypt type: 0 parallel num: 1 backup range: database mpp_timestamp: 1592386003 ddl_clone: FALSE mpp_flag: FALSE backup level: online backup type: full without log: FALSE START_LSN: 19751828 START_SEQ: 7739639 END_LSN: 19752212 END_SEQ: 7739836 base START_LSN: -1 base END_LSN: -1 base name: base backupset: backup time: 2020-06-17 17:26:55 min trx start lsn: 16553039 min exec ver: 0x0701060C pkg size: 0x02000000 backupset directory: /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch backupset name: db_bak_recover_arch backup data file num: 9 backup piece num: 2 $file_seq |$size(KB) |$pos_desc |$content_type 0 |407807 |db_bak_recover_arch.bak |DATA 1 |104 |db_bak_recover_arch_1.bak |LOG $file_seq |$group_id |$group_name |$file_id |$file_path |$mirror_path |$file_len 1 |0 |SYSTEM |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/SYSTEM.DBF| |24117248 2 |1 |ROLL |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/ROLL.DBF| |208666624 3 |4 |MAIN |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/MAIN.DBF| |197132288 4 |5 |BOOKSHOP |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/BOOKSHOP.DBF| |157286400 5 |6 |DMHR |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/DMHR.DBF| |134217728 6 |7 |USERS |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/users01.dbf| |52428800 7 |9 |SYSAUX |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/SYSAWR.DBF| |175112192 8 |10 |FG_PERSON |0 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/FG_PERSON.DBF| |134217728 $file_seq |$file_path |$file_len |$begin_lsn |$begin_seqno |$begin_rpag_off |$end_lsn |$end_seqno |$create_time |$close_time 9 | |101376 |19751827 |7739639 |8 |19752212 |7739836 |0000-00-00 00:00:00 |0000-00-00 00:00:00 show backupsets successfully. time used: 5.320(ms) RMAN> show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak'; show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak'; system path: /dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm db magic: 708657636 permanent magic: 1250320462 rac node: 1 page check: 0 rlog encrypt: 0 external cipher[id/name]: 0/ external hash[id/name]: 0/ length in char: 0 use new hash: 1 page size: 8 KB extent size: 16 case sensitive: 1 log page size: 512 B unicode_flag/charset: 0 data version: 0x7000A sys version: V7.1.6.46-Build(2018.02.08-89107)ENT enable policy: 0 archive flag: 1 blank_pad_mode: 0 crc_check: TRUE backupset sig: BA backupset version: 4009 database name: jydm backup name: ARCH_20200617_173005_000673 backupset description: backupset ID : -99299676 parent backupset ID: -1 META file size : 135680 compressed level: 0 encrypt type: 0 parallel num: 1 backup range: archivelog mpp_timestamp: 1592386205 arch start lsn: 13775970 arch end lsn: 19752806 backup level: online backup type: archive without log: TRUE START_LSN: 19752785 START_SEQ: 7740126 END_LSN: 19752968 END_SEQ: 7740221 base START_LSN: -1 base END_LSN: -1 base name: base backupset: backup time: 2020-06-17 17:30:45 min trx start lsn: 16553039 min exec ver: 0x0701060C pkg size: 0x02000000 backupset directory: /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak backupset name: arch_bak backup data file num: 20 backup piece num: 1 $file_seq |$size(KB) |$pos_desc |$content_type 0 |1501420 |arch_bak.bak |LOG $file_seq |$group_id |$group_name |$file_id |$file_path |$mirror_path |$file_len $file_seq |$file_path |$file_len |$begin_lsn |$begin_seqno |$begin_rpag_off |$end_lsn |$end_seqno |$create_time |$close_time 1 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200526003546144_0.log|314496512 |13775970 |4737535 |8 |14461220 |0 |2020-05-26 00:35:46 |2020-05-26 00:36:31 2 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200526003632028_0.log|271943680 |14461221 |5351778 |8 |14942037 |0 |2020-05-26 00:36:31 |2020-05-28 23:07:46 3 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200528230749046_0.log|18832384 |14942037 |5882910 |8 |15088441 |0 |2020-05-28 23:07:46 |2020-05-29 18:43:51 4 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200529184351533_0.log|444416 |15088442 |5919684 |8 |15092081 |0 |2020-05-29 18:43:51 |2020-05-29 19:37:55 5 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200529193755551_0.log|5632 |15092082 |5920544 |8 |15092086 |0 |2020-05-29 19:37:55 |2020-05-29 19:39:25 6 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200529193925775_0.log|16965120 |15092086 |5920547 |8 |15220690 |0 |2020-05-29 19:39:25 |2020-05-30 14:28:56 7 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200530142857037_0.log|152148480 |15220691 |5953674 |8 |16361831 |0 |2020-05-30 14:28:56 |2020-06-03 19:51:50 8 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200603195207512_0.log|88146944 |16361832 |6250831 |8 |17046028 |0 |2020-06-03 19:51:50 |2020-06-06 02:00:09 9 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606020009584_0.log|6746112 |17046029 |6422985 |8 |17088792 |0 |2020-06-06 02:00:09 |2020-06-06 06:13:36 10 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606061513930_0.log|24576 |17088793 |6436153 |8 |17088875 |0 |2020-06-06 06:13:36 |2020-06-06 06:24:48 11 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606062454805_0.log|7680 |17088876 |6436193 |8 |17088886 |0 |2020-06-06 06:24:48 |2020-06-06 06:26:17 12 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606062617837_0.log|7168 |17088886 |6436200 |8 |17088896 |0 |2020-06-06 06:26:17 |2020-06-06 06:27:51 13 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606062942967_0.log|7680 |17088896 |6436206 |8 |17088905 |0 |2020-06-06 06:27:51 |2020-06-06 06:29:43 14 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606064235117_0.log|15872 |17088906 |6436213 |8 |17088950 |0 |2020-06-06 06:29:43 |2020-06-06 13:11:01 15 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606142912805_0.log|5120 |17088951 |6436236 |8 |17088956 |0 |2020-06-06 13:11:01 |2020-06-06 14:29:13 16 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606220653158_0.log|314339328 |17088957 |6436238 |8 |18425990 |0 |2020-06-06 14:29:13 |2020-06-13 21:00:00 17 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200613210000757_0.log|314571264 |18425991 |7050174 |8 |19599505 |0 |2020-06-13 21:00:00 |2020-06-17 09:35:23 18 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617093523748_0.log|33190912 |19599505 |7664563 |8 |19731163 |0 |2020-06-17 09:35:23 |2020-06-17 16:18:01 19 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617161801000_0.log|4020224 |19731163 |7729381 |8 |19747260 |0 |2020-06-17 16:18:01 |2020-06-17 17:01:01 20 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617170101954_0.log|1499136 |19747260 |7737225 |8 |19752806 |0 |2020-06-17 17:01:01 |2020-06-17 17:30:05 show backupsets successfully. time used: 25.316(ms)
若还原后，立即执行执行恢复，可以不用获取源库DB_MAGIC。因为DMRMAN执行库级备份集还原后，会将备份集中的DB_MAGIC刷入还原后的库中。
7>利用归档恢复数据库。由步骤6显示的备份集信息可知，源库的DB_MAGIC值为1447060265。
RMAN> recover database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' with archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch' use db_magic 708657636; recover database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' with archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch' use db_magic 708657636; checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[4]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[3]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[2]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[1]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[0]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running, write dmrman info. EP[0] max_lsn: 19751827 EP[0] Recover LSN from 19751828 to 19752806. Recover from archive log finished, time used:0.165s. recover successfully! time used: 7051.292(ms)
8)检查目标库中的表t1确认数据与源数据库一致。
SQL> select * from t1; LINEID C1 C2 ---------- ----------- ----------- 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 used time: 9.369(ms). Execute id is 6.
9)在源数据库的t1表中插入一行数据
SQL> select * from t1; LINEID C1 C2 ---------- ----------- ----------- 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 used time: 0.779(ms). Execute id is 879030. SQL> insert into t1 values(5,5); affect rows 1 used time: 1.188(ms). Execute id is 879204. SQL> commit; executed successfully used time: 13.572(ms). Execute id is 879210. SQL> select * from t1; LINEID C1 C2 ---------- ----------- ----------- 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 used time: 0.590(ms). Execute id is 879218.
10)在源数据库中备份归档日志，从lsn为19752806开始进行备份，因为之前备份的归档日志最大lsn为19752806,将将备份文件传到目标数据库上
SQL> backup archivelog from lsn 19752806 backupset '/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm/bak/arch_bak_from_19752806'; executed successfully used time: 00:00:01.850. Execute id is 879461. [dmdba@shard1 bak]$ scp -r arch_bak_from_19752806 dmdba@10.138.130.187:/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/ dmdba@10.138.130.187's password: arch_bak_from_19752806.bak 100% 10MB 9.8MB/s 00:00 arch_bak_from_19752806.meta 100% 61KB 60.5KB/s 00:00 [dmdba@shard1 bak]$
11)检查备份的归档日志
RMAN> check backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806'; check backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806'; CMD END.CODE:[0] check backupset successfully. time used: 7.121(ms)
12)查看备份集信息，获取源库的DB_MAGIC
RMAN> show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806'; show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806';system path: /dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/jydm db magic: 708657636 permanent magic: 1250320462 rac node: 1 page check: 0 rlog encrypt: 0 external cipher[id/name]: 0/ external hash[id/name]: 0/ length in char: 0 use new hash: 1 page size: 8 KB extent size: 16 case sensitive: 1 log page size: 512 B unicode_flag/charset: 0 data version: 0x7000A sys version: V7.1.6.46-Build(2018.02.08-89107)ENT enable policy: 0 archive flag: 1 blank_pad_mode: 0 crc_check: TRUE backupset sig: BA backupset version: 4009 database name: jydm backup name: ARCH_20200617_190859_000032 backupset description: backupset ID : -1402072600 parent backupset ID: -1 META file size : 61952 compressed level: 0 encrypt type: 0 parallel num: 1 backup range: archivelog mpp_timestamp: 1592392139 arch start lsn: 19747260 arch end lsn: 19787571 backup level: online backup type: archive without log: TRUE START_LSN: 19786788 START_SEQ: 7756899 END_LSN: 19787571 END_SEQ: 7757301 base START_LSN: -1 base END_LSN: -1 base name: base backupset: backup time: 2020-06-17 19:09:00 min trx start lsn: 16553039 min exec ver: 0x0701060C pkg size: 0x02000000 backupset directory: /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806 backupset name: arch_bak_from_19752806 backup data file num: 2 backup piece num: 1 $file_seq |$size(KB) |$pos_desc |$content_type 0 |10052 |arch_bak_from_19752806.bak |LOG $file_seq |$group_id |$group_name |$file_id |$file_path |$mirror_path |$file_len $file_seq |$file_path |$file_len |$begin_lsn |$begin_seqno |$begin_rpag_off |$end_lsn |$end_seqno |$create_time |$close_time 1 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617170101954_0.log|1499136 |19747260 |7737225 |8 |19752806 |0 |2020-06-17 17:01:01 |2020-06-17 17:30:05 2 |/dm_home/dmdba/dmdbms/data/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617173005734_0.log|8788480 |19752806 |7740145 |8 |19787571 |0 |2020-06-17 17:30:05 |2020-06-17 19:08:59 show backupsets successfully. time used: 6.440(ms)
13)还原最新生成的备份归档日志
RMAN> restore archive log from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806' to archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch'; restore archive log from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806' to archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch'; RESTORE ARCHIVE CHECK...... RESTORE ARCHIVE, dbf collect...... RESTORE ARCHIVE, dbf refresh ...... RESTORE BACKUPSET [/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak_from_19752806] START...... total 1 packages processed... total 2 packages processed! CMD END.CODE:[0] restore successfully. time used: 317.745(ms)
14)使用之前的数据库备份集还原目标数据库
RMAN> restore database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch'; restore database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch'; checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[4]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[3]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[2]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[1]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[0]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running, write dmrman info. RESTORE DATABASE CHECK...... RESTORE DATABASE , dbf collect...... RESTORE DATABASE , dbf refresh ...... RESTORE BACKUPSET [/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/db_bak_recover_arch] START...... total 22 packages processed... RESTORE DATABASE , UPDATE ctl file...... RESTORE DATABASE , REBUILD key file...... RESTORE DATABASE , CHECK db info...... RESTORE DATABASE , UPDATE db info...... total 26 packages processed! CMD END.CODE:[0] restore successfully. time used: 29783.391(ms)
15)使用归档日志执行恢复
RMAN> recover database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' with archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch' use db_magic 708657636; recover database '/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover/dm.ini' with archivedir '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch' use db_magic 708657636; checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[4]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[3]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[2]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[1]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running...[0]. checking if the database under system path [/dm_home/dmdbms/data/dameng_for_recover] is running, write dmrman info. EP[0] max_lsn: 19751827 total redo pages:2920 EP[0] Recover LSN from 19751828 to 19787571. Recover from archive log finished, time used:1.503s. recover successfully! time used: 8275.787(ms) RMAN>
16)启动数据数据库检查表t1的数据
[root@dmks init.d]# service DmServicedmrc start Starting DmServicedmrc: [ OK ] SQL> select * from t1; LINEID C1 C2 ---------- ----------- ----------- 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 used time: 1.662(ms). Execute id is 5.
17) 若执行后归档恢复过程中，出现归档不足的错误，则利用归档校验工具dmrachk，查看归档目录中归档连续性情况，然后再利用备份的
本地归档日志，还原到归档目录后，再次执行恢复操作
[dmdba@dmks backup]$ dmrachk arch_path=/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch rachk V7.1.6.46-Build(2018.02.08-89107)ENT the database db_magic: 708657636 /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200526003546144_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 614243 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 13775970 arch_seq : 4737535 clsn : 14461220 next_seq : 5351777 file len : 314496512 file free : 314496512 create time : 2020-05-26 00:35:46 close time : 2020-05-26 00:36:31 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200526003632028_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 531132 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 14461221 arch_seq : 5351778 clsn : 14942037 next_seq : 5882909 file len : 271943680 file free : 271943680 create time : 2020-05-26 00:36:31 close time : 2020-05-28 23:07:46 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200528230749046_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 36774 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 14942037 arch_seq : 5882910 clsn : 15088441 next_seq : 5919683 file len : 18832384 file free : 18832384 create time : 2020-05-28 23:07:46 close time : 2020-05-29 18:43:51 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200529184351533_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 860 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 15088442 arch_seq : 5919684 clsn : 15092081 next_seq : 5920543 file len : 444416 file free : 444416 create time : 2020-05-29 18:43:51 close time : 2020-05-29 19:37:55 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200529193755551_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 3 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 15092082 arch_seq : 5920544 clsn : 15092086 next_seq : 5920546 file len : 5632 file free : 5632 create time : 2020-05-29 19:37:55 close time : 2020-05-29 19:39:25 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200529193925775_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 33127 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 15092086 arch_seq : 5920547 clsn : 15220690 next_seq : 5953673 file len : 16965120 file free : 16965120 create time : 2020-05-29 19:39:25 close time : 2020-05-30 14:28:56 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200530142857037_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 297157 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 15220691 arch_seq : 5953674 clsn : 16361831 next_seq : 6250830 file len : 152148480 file free : 152148480 create time : 2020-05-30 14:28:56 close time : 2020-06-03 19:51:50 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200603195207512_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 172154 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 16361832 arch_seq : 6250831 clsn : 17046028 next_seq : 6422984 file len : 88146944 file free : 88146944 create time : 2020-06-03 19:51:50 close time : 2020-06-06 02:00:09 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606020009584_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 13168 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17046029 arch_seq : 6422985 clsn : 17088792 next_seq : 6436152 file len : 6746112 file free : 6746112 create time : 2020-06-06 02:00:09 close time : 2020-06-06 06:13:36 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606061513930_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 40 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17088793 arch_seq : 6436153 clsn : 17088875 next_seq : 6436192 file len : 24576 file free : 24576 create time : 2020-06-06 06:13:36 close time : 2020-06-06 06:24:48 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606062454805_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 7 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17088876 arch_seq : 6436193 clsn : 17088886 next_seq : 6436199 file len : 7680 file free : 7680 create time : 2020-06-06 06:24:48 close time : 2020-06-06 06:26:17 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606062617837_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 6 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17088886 arch_seq : 6436200 clsn : 17088896 next_seq : 6436205 file len : 7168 file free : 7168 create time : 2020-06-06 06:26:17 close time : 2020-06-06 06:27:51 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606062942967_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 7 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17088896 arch_seq : 6436206 clsn : 17088905 next_seq : 6436212 file len : 7680 file free : 7680 create time : 2020-06-06 06:27:51 close time : 2020-06-06 06:29:43 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606064235117_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 23 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17088906 arch_seq : 6436213 clsn : 17088950 next_seq : 6436235 file len : 15872 file free : 15872 create time : 2020-06-06 06:29:43 close time : 2020-06-06 13:11:01 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606142912805_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 2 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17088951 arch_seq : 6436236 clsn : 17088956 next_seq : 6436237 file len : 5120 file free : 5120 create time : 2020-06-06 13:11:01 close time : 2020-06-06 14:29:13 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200606220653158_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 613936 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 17088957 arch_seq : 6436238 clsn : 18425990 next_seq : 7050173 file len : 314339328 file free : 314339328 create time : 2020-06-06 14:29:13 close time : 2020-06-13 21:00:00 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200613210000757_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 614389 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 18425991 arch_seq : 7050174 clsn : 19599505 next_seq : 7664562 file len : 314571264 file free : 314571264 create time : 2020-06-13 21:00:00 close time : 2020-06-17 09:35:23 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617093523748_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 64818 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 19599505 arch_seq : 7664563 clsn : 19731163 next_seq : 7729380 file len : 33190912 file free : 33190912 create time : 2020-06-17 09:35:23 close time : 2020-06-17 16:18:01 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617161801000_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 7844 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 19731163 arch_seq : 7729381 clsn : 19747260 next_seq : 7737224 file len : 4020224 file free : 4020224 create time : 2020-06-17 16:18:01 close time : 2020-06-17 17:01:01 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617170101954_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 2920 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 19747260 arch_seq : 7737225 clsn : 19752806 next_seq : 7740144 file len : 1499136 file free : 1499136 create time : 2020-06-17 17:01:01 close time : 2020-06-17 17:30:05 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ /*******************************************************************/ archive file /dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch/ARCHIVE_LOCAL1_20200617173005734_0.log itemize. version : 0x7004 status : INACTIVE n_rpags : 17157 db_magic : 708657636 pemnt_magic : 1250320462 arch_lsn : 19752806 arch_seq : 7740145 clsn : 19787571 next_seq : 7757301 file len : 8788480 file free : 8788480 create time : 2020-06-17 17:30:05 close time : 2020-06-17 19:08:59 crc_check : TRUE /*******************************************************************/ The SUMMARY(seqno[0]): total files: 21 okey files: 21 fail file: 0 repeat file: 0 the rachk tool running cost 5.413 ms [dmdba@dmks backup]$
DMRMAN查看归档备份的范围：
RMAN> show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak' info meta; show backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak' info meta;backupset sig: BA backupset version: 4009 database name: jydm backup name: ARCH_20200617_173005_000673 backupset description: backupset ID : -99299676 parent backupset ID: -1 META file size : 135680 compressed level: 0 encrypt type: 0 parallel num: 1 backup range: archivelog mpp_timestamp: 1592386205 arch start lsn: 13775970 arch end lsn: 19752806 backup level: online backup type: archive without log: TRUE START_LSN: 19752785 START_SEQ: 7740126 END_LSN: 19752968 END_SEQ: 7740221 base START_LSN: -1 base END_LSN: -1 base name: base backupset: backup time: 2020-06-17 17:30:45 min trx start lsn: 16553039 min exec ver: 0x0701060C pkg size: 0x02000000 show backupsets successfully. time used: 7.527(ms)
如果有丢失部分归档日志可以执行归档还原后，再次执行利用本地归档恢复操作。
RMAN>restore archive log from backupset '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch_bak' ALL TO ARCHIVEDIR '/dm_home/dmdbms/backup/arch';